Despite the consequences of financial bubbles on economic activity, it is still an open question to what extent the monetary policy should react to sharp fluctuations of equity prices. This dissertation attempts to contribute to the debate with some theoretical and empirical analyses of the relationship between monetary policy and financial markets.
Chapter 1 incorporates the effect of real equity prices on aggregate demand in a forward-looking expectations neo-Keynesian model. This effect arises either from a wealth effect or from a change in consumers' confidence. The objective function of monetary authorities depends on the output gap and the deviation of expected inflation from the target. A numerical simulation, based on US data, illustrates the quantitative importance of the financial market channel for various exogenous shocks.
In Chapter 2, the variation of equity prices enters explicitly in the loss function of the monetary authorities while, at the same time, it affects aggregate demand. This modifies the optimal monetary policy by increasing the volatility of the nominal interest rate.
Chapter 3 examines how the launch of the European single currency has affected expectations on future monetary policy by comparing the econometric results of a co-integrated VAR model on pre- and post- January 1999 data.
Chapter 4 deals with diverse methodological issues related to the estimation of the Taylor rule, which represents Central Bank decisions by a single and stable function. Several interesting results emerge from the modelling of the Fed funds rate over the period 1987-2002. In particular, assuming a discontinuous and asymmetric response of the Federal Reserve to fluctuations of equity prices, corrects the apparent instability of the rule.
Sommaire / Contents
Dossier : Les entrepreneurs et leurs associations : ethnographies du secteur privé en Afrique / Entrepreneurs and business associations: Ethnographies of the private sector in Africa 7
Ethnographies of entrepreneurs, business associations and rentier capitalism in Africa. Introduction 9
Thomas Bierschenk, José-María Muñoz
Squandermania or Nigerian urban renaissance? 29
Alexander Bud
Les entrepreneurs camerounais face aux pouvoirs publics 51
Gérard Amougou
CTA, state, donors and entrepreneur-brokers in Mozambique 69
Anésio Manhiça
Business associations in Benin "at work" 87
Agnès Badou, Thomas Bierschenk
Fabriquer son « accès » à l'État 107
Sidy Cissokho
Les cheffes d'entreprise du Togo et la reproduction des hiérarchies politiques et sociales 125
Charlotte Vampo
Business associations at work – working for whom? Postface 143
Helmut Asche
Varia 151
Future horizons at the fishing harbour in San Pedro (Côte d’Ivoire) 153
Claire Chevallier
Les dispositifs éducatifs humanitaires 171
Marion Fresia, Andreas von Känel, Anne-Nelly Perret-Clermont
Ethnographie d’un dispositif technique de serres de tomates dans les Andes péruviennes 189
Emmanuelle Piccoli
L’« économie de la survie » à Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso) 207
Roberta Rubino
Lu et à lire 223
The Business of Development in Post-Colonial Africa (Véronique Dimier and Sarah Stockwell, eds.) 225
Lara Petersen
Du côté des thèses 229
Cotton and Cabaret. Domestic Economy and Female Agency in Burkina Faso 231
Sigrun Helmfrid
Le barrage de Ziga et l’invention d’une paysannerie sans terre au Burkina Faso 233
Kiss-Wend-Sida Romaine Zangré-Konseiga
Conceptualiser le « renforcement des capacités » dans la politique de développement : le cas du programme RDC-UNICEF « village assaini » au Kongo central en RDC 237
Pascal Sundi Mbambi