This book aims to provide a "toolbox" offering the basics for taking your first steps with a deaf person. The idea is to raise readers' awareness of the medical, language, psychological, cultural and educational aspects of deafness, so that they can better understand deaf children. Lire la suite
With the contribution of Marie-Christine Biard, Anne Bragard, Guy Dassy, Fabienne Denis, Jérôme Duquesne, Anne-Marie Feron, Anne-Lise Hiel, Viviane Leflere, Anne Mahy, Fina Moral, Anne Pessendorffer et Nathalie Watelet
This book, written by professionals from the Royal Institute for the Deaf and Blind (IRSA), specialized in schooling, (re)education and support for hearingimpaired children and teenagers, aims to provide a "toolbox" offering the basics for taking your first steps with a deaf person. Theoretical and practical elements are covered in order to help the professionals who work with these people in everyday life, whether in terms of education, rehabilitation or schooling. The idea is to raise readers' awareness of the medical, language, psychological, cultural and educational aspects of deafness, so that they can better understand deaf children.
GENERAL INFORMATION............................................................. 11
A few historical landmarks .......................................................................... 12
Some terminology ........................................................................................ 13
1. HEARING IMPAIRMENT FROM A MEDICAL POINT OF VIEW.......... 15
Introduction.................................................................................................. 15
1. What is hearing loss?............................................................................... 16
1.1. What is a sound? ..................................................................................... 16
1.2. Anatomy of the ear and how hearing works ............................................ 16
1.3. How is hearing measured?...................................................................... 20
1.4. Definition of hearing loss ........................................................................ 24
1.5. Warning signs of deafness ....................................................................... 28
2. The management of deafness .................................................................. 30
2.1. Medical care............................................................................................ 30
2.2. Multidisciplinary management ................................................................ 30
3. Hearing aids and other technological supports........................................ 31
3.1. Conventional amplifying hearing aids .................................................... 33
3.2. The bone conduction hearing aid ............................................................ 35
3.3. Cochlear implants ................................................................................... 36
3.4. Other technological aids ......................................................................... 37
Conclusion ................................................................................................... 38
2. DEVELOPMENT OF COMMUNICATION AND LANGUAGE............... 41
Introduction.................................................................................................. 41
1. Communication, a prerequisite for language .......................................... 41
1.1. Eye contact and joint attention................................................................ 42
186 Fi rs t s teps wi th a hear ing - impai red chi ld
1.2. Pointing and linguistic labelling ............................................................. 44
1.3. Motor or verbal imitation........................................................................ 44
1.4. Speaking turns ......................................................................................... 45
2. The development of a language............................................................... 46
2.1. Developing sign language ....................................................................... 47
2.2. Developing an oral/spoken language...................................................... 51
2.3. Oral language development aids............................................................. 54
Conclusion ................................................................................................... 69
3. PSYCHOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE DEAF CHILD ............. 71
Introduction.................................................................................................. 71
1. The psychomotor development of the deaf child .................................... 72
2. Intellectual development and cognitive functions................................... 78
3. Emotional development........................................................................... 82
3.1. Attachement ............................................................................................. 82
3.2. Identity or self-concept ............................................................................ 85
3.3. Emotions .................................................................................................. 89
4. Social development ................................................................................. 92
Conclusion ................................................................................................... 96
4. DEAF CULTURE ................................................................. 99
Introduction.................................................................................................. 99
1. Definition of Deaf Culture .................................................................... 100
2. Sign language ........................................................................................ 101
2.1. What is sign language? ......................................................................... 101
2.2. The learning and transmission of sign language................................... 107
3. Evolution of Deaf Culture ..................................................................... 108
3.1. A little history for better understanding ................................................ 108
3.2. The Deafhood notion ............................................................................. 109
Table of contents 187
3.3. The Deafgain notion.............................................................................. 111
4. Art as a symbol of Deaf culture............................................................. 112
5. Living Habits of Deaf People................................................................ 113
6. For better inclusion of the deaf person .................................................. 114
6.1. The importance of visuals and hands to help communicate with deaf
people ............................................................................................................ 115
6.2. Organization of the environment........................................................... 118
Conclusion ................................................................................................. 121
5. SCHOOL LEARNING FOR THE DEAF CHILD ............................. 123
Introduction................................................................................................ 123
1. Schooling for deaf children ................................................................... 123
1.1. Different schooling systems ................................................................... 123
1.2. Reasonable accommodations for the deaf child .................................... 126
1.3. Learning materials ................................................................................ 135
2. Reading and writing in the deaf child ................................................... 139
2.1. Theoretical introduction........................................................................ 140
2.2. Ways to help deaf children develop their reading skills........................ 147
2.3. What about writing?.............................................................................. 156
3. Mathematics for the deaf child.............................................................. 157
3.1. How to explain the difficulties?............................................................. 157
3.2. Ways to help .......................................................................................... 160
3.3. Visual support........................................................................................ 163
Conclusion ................................................................................................. 165