Gas Dynamics
This is a textbook on the fundamentals of gas dynamics, also referred to as dynamics of compressible flows. It is based on the master's course Gas Dynamics that the author has been teaching at the Louvain School of Engineering of UCLouvain. Lire la suite
This is a textbook on the fundamentals of gas dynamics, also referred to as dynamics of compressible flows. It is based on the master's course Gas Dynamics that the author has been teaching at the Louvain School of Engineering of UCLouvain. The material elaborated herein covers the derivation of the governing equations of miscible reactive mixtures, steady flow in one and many spatial dimensions, gasdynamic discontinuities, unsteady one-dimensional flow, gaseous detonations, and introduction to algorithms for numerical simulations. Emphasis has been placed on the presentation of the essential physical concepts of gas dynamics and the mathematical methods for their analysis. Further, particular attention has been paid to make this textbook self-contained. A list of exercises has been included at the end of each chapter.
This book is intended for master's and advanced undergraduate students in engineering, physics, chemistry or applied mathematics. It is assumed that the reader is familiar with the basic notions of thermodynamics and fluid mechanics.
Pour plus d'informations à propos de la TVA et d'autres moyens de paiement, consultez la rubrique "Paiement & TVA".
Spécifications
- Éditeur
- Presses universitaires de Louvain
- Auteur
- Miltiadis Papalexandris,
- Collection
- Cours universitaires | n° 24
- Langue
- anglais
- BISAC Subject Heading
- TEC009070 TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING / Mechanical
- BIC subject category (UK)
- T Technology, engineering, agriculture > TH Energy technology & engineering
- Code publique Onix
- 06 Professionnel et académique
- CLIL (Version 2013-2019 )
- 3073 Mécanique > 3074 Sciences et techniques industrielles
- Date de première publication du titre
- 07 novembre 2022
- Type d'ouvrage
- Monographie
Livre broché
- Details de produit
- 1
- Date de publication
- 07 novembre 2022
- ISBN-13
- 978-2-39061-639-9
- Ampleur
- Nombre de pages de contenu principal : 242
- Code interne
- 109384
- Format
- 17 x 24 cm
- Poids
- 412 grammes
- Type de packaging
- Aucun emballage extérieur
- Prix
- 23,50 €
- ONIX XML
- Version 2.1, Version 3
- Details de produit
- 1 PDF
- Date de publication
- 07 novembre 2022
- ISBN-13
- 978-2-39061-640-5
- Ampleur
- Nombre de pages de contenu principal : 242
- Code interne
- 109384PDF
- ONIX XML
- Version 2.1, Version 3
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Sommaire
Foreword 9
1 Basic concepts of thermodynamics 11
1.1 State variables and Gibbs relation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
1.2 The ideal gas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
1.3 The speed of sound . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
1.4 Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
2 The governing equations of fluid flow 27
2.1 The Reynolds transport theorem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
2.2 Contravariant and covariant vectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
2.3 Mass balance law . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
2.4 Species-concentration balance law . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
2.5 Momentum balance law . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
2.6 Energy balance law . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
2.7 The resulting governing system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
2.8 The physical meaning of compressibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
2.9 The compressible Euler equations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
2.10 Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
3 Steady one-dimensional flow 45
3.1 Governing equations of steady variable-area flow . . . . . . . . 45
3.2 The homentropic character of steady 1-D flow . . . . . . . . . . 48
3.3 The fundamental gasdynamic derivative . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
3.4 Nozzle operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
3.5 The compressible Bernoulli equation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
3.6 Steady one-dimensional flow of a perfect gas . . . . . . . . . . . 58
3.7 Motion and thrust of a rocket . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
3.8 Frictional flow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
3.9 Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
4 Potential compressible flow 77
4.1 The equation for the velocity potential . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
4.2 Steady flow around slender bodies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
4.2.1 Subsonic flow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
4.2.2 Supersonic flow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
4.3 Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
5 Gasdynamic discontinuities 95
5.1 Propagation speed of flow discontinuities . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
5.2 Normal shocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
5.3 Normal-shock relations for a perfect gas . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
5.4 Oblique shocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
5.5 Oblique-shock relations for a perfect gas . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
5.6 Weak oblique shocks and rarefactions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
5.7 Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
6 Unsteady one-dimensional flow 139
6.1 Method of characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
6.2 Simple waves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146
6.3 Shock formation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
6.4 Piston induced flow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152
6.4.1 Impulsive piston advance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152
6.4.2 Continuous piston advance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154
6.4.3 Impulsive piston withdrawal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
6.4.4 Continuous piston withdrawal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160
6.5 The shock-tube and Riemann problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162
6.6 A note on wave interactions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167
6.7 Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170
7 Steady supersonic flow in two dimensions 175
7.1 Balance laws in natural coordinates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175
7.2 Method of characteristics for homentropic flow . . . . . . . . . 180
7.3 Interaction of Mach waves with boundaries . . . . . . . . . . . 186
7.4 Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189
8 Introduction to detonations 191
8.1 Governing equations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192
8.2 Chapman-Jouguet analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195
8.3 The ZND model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200
8.4 Main features of multi-dimensional detonations . . . . . . . . . 204
8.5 Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206
9 Computational aspects of gas dynamics 209
9.1 One-dimensional flows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210
9.2 Multi-dimensional flows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214
9.3 Source terms and boundary conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217
9.4 Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219
A Characteristic decomposition in many spatial dimensions 221
A.1 First-order hyperbolic systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221
A.2 The 2D compressible Euler equations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225
B A Riemann solver for perfect gases 229
Bibliography 234
Index 237