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		<TitleText textcase="01">Louvain International Database of Spoken English Interlanguage (LINDSEI)</TitleText>
		
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		<Text language="eng" textformat="02">&lt;P&gt;The Louvain International Database of Spoken English Interlanguage (LINDSEI) is a corpus of informal interviews with higher intermediate to advanced learners of English. It results from a collaborative project between several universities internationally, coordinated at the University of Louvain. The corpus contains over 1 million words, of which almost 800,000 were produced by learners, representing 11 different mother tongue backgrounds: Bulgarian, Chinese, Dutch, French, German, Greek, Italian, Japanese, Polish, Spanish and Swedish.&lt;/P&gt;</Text>
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		<Text language="eng" textformat="02">&lt;P&gt;The Louvain International Database of Spoken English Interlanguage (LINDSEI) is a corpus of informal interviews with higher intermediate to advanced learners of English. It results from a collaborative project between several universities internationally, coordinated at the University of Louvain. The corpus contains over 1 million words, of which almost 800,000 were produced by learners, representing 11 different mother tongue backgrounds: Bulgarian, Chinese, Dutch, French, German, Greek, Italian, Japanese, Polish, Spanish and Swedish.&lt;/P&gt;</Text>
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		<Text language="eng">The Louvain International Database of Spoken English Interlanguage (LINDSEI) is a corpus of informal interviews with higher intermediate to advanced learners of English. It results from a collaborative project coordinated at the University of...</Text>
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		<Text textformat="02">&lt;p&gt;List of tables and figures ...................................................................... v&lt;br /&gt;
Preface ................................................................................................ vii&lt;br /&gt;
Acknowledgements ...........................................................................viii&lt;br /&gt;
List of abbreviations............................................................................ ix&lt;br /&gt;
0. INTRODUCTION.......................................................................... 1&lt;br /&gt;
PART 1. DESCRIPTION OF THE CORPUS................................. 3&lt;br /&gt;
1. General introduction.................................................................. 3&lt;br /&gt;
1.1. Historical background ........................................................... 3&lt;br /&gt;
1.2. Corpus or database?............................................................... 5&lt;br /&gt;
1.3. LINDSEI design criteria........................................................ 6&lt;br /&gt;
1.3.1. Interview variables ......................................................... 7&lt;br /&gt;
1.3.1.1. Genre ....................................................................... 8&lt;br /&gt;
1.3.1.2. Duration................................................................... 8&lt;br /&gt;
1.3.1.3. Three tasks............................................................... 8&lt;br /&gt;
1.3.1.4. Institution ................................................................ 9&lt;br /&gt;
1.3.2. Learner variables ............................................................ 9&lt;br /&gt;
1.3.2.1. Learning context...................................................... 9&lt;br /&gt;
1.3.2.2. Proficiency............................................................. 10&lt;br /&gt;
1.3.2.3. Age ........................................................................ 11&lt;br /&gt;
1.3.2.4. Gender ................................................................... 11&lt;br /&gt;
1.3.2.5. Mother tongue ....................................................... 11&lt;br /&gt;
1.3.2.6. Country.................................................................. 12&lt;br /&gt;
1.3.2.7. Knowledge of other foreign languages ................. 12&lt;br /&gt;
1.3.2.8. Stay in an English-speaking country ..................... 12&lt;br /&gt;
1.3.3. Interviewer variables .................................................... 12&lt;br /&gt;
1.3.3.1. Gender ................................................................... 12&lt;br /&gt;
1.3.3.2. Mother tongue ....................................................... 12&lt;br /&gt;
1.3.3.3. Knowledge of foreign languages........................... 12&lt;br /&gt;
1.3.3.4. Status ..................................................................... 13&lt;br /&gt;
1.4. Transcription and markup ................................................... 13&lt;br /&gt;
2. Project teams............................................................................. 19&lt;br /&gt;
2.1. Coordinating team............................................................... 19&lt;br /&gt;
2.2. IT team ................................................................................ 19&lt;br /&gt;
2.3. National teams..................................................................... 19&lt;br /&gt;
3. Structure of the corpus ............................................................ 23&lt;br /&gt;
3.1. General breakdown.............................................................. 23&lt;br /&gt;
3.1.1. Length of the interviews............................................... 23&lt;br /&gt;
3.1.2. Three tasks.................................................................... 28&lt;br /&gt;
3.1.3. Duration of the interviews............................................ 30&lt;br /&gt;
3.1.4. Set topic........................................................................ 30&lt;br /&gt;
3.1.5. Learners' age ................................................................ 32&lt;br /&gt;
3.1.6. Learners' gender........................................................... 32&lt;br /&gt;
3.1.7. Learners' education ...................................................... 33&lt;br /&gt;
3.1.8. Stay in an English-speaking country ............................ 35&lt;br /&gt;
3.1.9. Interviewers’ gender..................................................... 35&lt;br /&gt;
3.1.10. Interviewers’ mother tongue ...................................... 36&lt;br /&gt;
3.2. Breakdown per national subcorpus ..................................... 37&lt;br /&gt;
3.2.1. Subcorpus information ................................................. 37&lt;br /&gt;
3.2.1.1. Bulgarian subcorpus .............................................. 37&lt;br /&gt;
3.2.1.2. Chinese subcorpus................................................. 38&lt;br /&gt;
3.2.1.3. Dutch subcorpus .................................................... 39&lt;br /&gt;
3.2.1.4. French subcorpus................................................... 40&lt;br /&gt;
3.2.1.5. German subcorpus................................................. 41&lt;br /&gt;
3.2.1.6. Greek subcorpus .................................................... 41&lt;br /&gt;
3.2.1.7. Italian subcorpus.................................................... 42&lt;br /&gt;
3.2.1.8. Japanese subcorpus................................................ 43&lt;br /&gt;
3.2.1.9. Polish subcorpus.................................................... 44&lt;br /&gt;
3.2.1.10. Spanish subcorpus ............................................... 45&lt;br /&gt;
3.2.1.11. Swedish subcorpus .............................................. 46&lt;br /&gt;
3.2.2. Learning context........................................................... 47&lt;br /&gt;
3.2.2.1. Bulgaria (LINDSEI-BG) ....................................... 47&lt;br /&gt;
3.2.2.2. China (LINDSEI-CH) ........................................... 48&lt;br /&gt;
3.2.2.3. Dutch-speaking Belgium (LINDSEI-DU)............. 48&lt;br /&gt;
3.2.2.4. French-speaking Belgium (LINDSEI-FR) ............ 49&lt;br /&gt;
3.2.2.5. Germany (LINDSEI-GE) ...................................... 50&lt;br /&gt;
3.2.2.6. Greece (LINDSEI-GR).......................................... 51&lt;br /&gt;
3.2.2.7. Italy (LINDSEI-IT) ............................................... 52&lt;br /&gt;
3.2.2.8. Japan (LINDSEI-JP).............................................. 53&lt;br /&gt;
3.2.2.9. Poland (LINDSEI-PL)........................................... 54&lt;br /&gt;
3.2.2.10. Spain (LINDSEI-SP)........................................... 55&lt;br /&gt;
3.2.2.11. Sweden (LINDSEI-SW)...................................... 55&lt;br /&gt;
4. Methodology ............................................................................. 57&lt;br /&gt;
4.1. Learner corpora and SLA.................................................... 57&lt;br /&gt;
4.2. Intra-corpus comparisons .................................................... 58&lt;br /&gt;
4.3. LINDSEI vs ICLE............................................................... 62&lt;br /&gt;
4.4. LINDSEI vs LOCNEC........................................................ 65&lt;br /&gt;
4.5. Four-way comparisons ........................................................ 67&lt;br /&gt;
PART 2. LINDSEI USER MANUAL............................................. 71&lt;br /&gt;
1. Introduction .............................................................................. 71&lt;br /&gt;
2. Licence Agreement ................................................................... 72&lt;br /&gt;
3. Software installation ................................................................ 76&lt;br /&gt;
3.1. Individual licence ................................................................ 76&lt;br /&gt;
3.1.1. Installation procedure ................................................... 76&lt;br /&gt;
3.1.2. Launching the software ................................................ 77&lt;br /&gt;
3.1.3. Uninstalling the software.............................................. 77&lt;br /&gt;
3.1.4. Location of the data...................................................... 77&lt;br /&gt;
3.2. Multiple-user licence........................................................... 78&lt;br /&gt;
3.2.1. Installation procedure ................................................... 78&lt;br /&gt;
3.2.2. Launching the software ................................................ 79&lt;br /&gt;
3.2.3. Uninstalling the software.............................................. 79&lt;br /&gt;
3.2.4. Location of the data...................................................... 79&lt;br /&gt;
4. The REQUEST window........................................................... 80&lt;br /&gt;
4.1. Composition of the Request window .................................. 80&lt;br /&gt;
4.1.1. Alphanumerical fields .................................................. 82&lt;br /&gt;
4.1.2. Numerical fields ........................................................... 83&lt;br /&gt;
4.1.3. Variables with multiple options ................................... 83&lt;br /&gt;
4.2. Selecting the corpus............................................................. 84&lt;br /&gt;
4.3. The Zoom function.............................................................. 84&lt;br /&gt;
4.4. Resetting the selection......................................................... 86&lt;br /&gt;
4.5. Submitting the query ........................................................... 86&lt;br /&gt;
4.6. Functions available on the main command bar of the&lt;br /&gt;
Request window ......................................................................... 86&lt;br /&gt;
5. The RESULT window.............................................................. 87&lt;br /&gt;
5.1. Deselecting profiles............................................................. 87&lt;br /&gt;
5.2. Key terms: selected corpus and sub-corpus........................ 88&lt;br /&gt;
5.3. Viewing the profiles ............................................................ 88&lt;br /&gt;
5.4. Generating a report.............................................................. 90&lt;br /&gt;
5.5. Computing statistics ............................................................ 91&lt;br /&gt;
5.6. Viewing a text and merging texts into a corpus .................. 95&lt;br /&gt;
5.7. Functions available on the main command bar of the&lt;br /&gt;
Result window............................................................................ 97&lt;br /&gt;
6. Report problems....................................................................... 98&lt;br /&gt;
LINDSEI bibliography....................................................................... 99&lt;br /&gt;
Appendix 1: Cartoon used in the picture description task................ 109&lt;br /&gt;
Appendix 2: Learner profile questionnaire ...................................... 110&lt;/p&gt;</Text>
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