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<Text textformat="02" language="eng">&#60;P&#62;The Louvain International Database of Spoken English Interlanguage (LINDSEI) is a corpus of informal interviews with higher intermediate to advanced learners of English. It results from a collaborative project between several universities internationally, coordinated at the University of Louvain. The corpus contains over 1 million words, of which almost 800,000 were produced by learners, representing 11 different mother tongue backgrounds: Bulgarian, Chinese, Dutch, French, German, Greek, Italian, Japanese, Polish, Spanish and Swedish.&#60;/P&#62;</Text>
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<Text language="eng">The Louvain International Database of Spoken English Interlanguage (LINDSEI) is a corpus of informal interviews with higher intermediate to advanced learners of English. It results from a collaborative project, coordinated at the University of...</Text>
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<Text textformat="02">&#60;p&#62;List of tables and figures ...................................................................... v&#60;br /&#62;
Preface ................................................................................................ vii&#60;br /&#62;
Acknowledgements ...........................................................................viii&#60;br /&#62;
List of abbreviations............................................................................ ix&#60;br /&#62;
0. INTRODUCTION.......................................................................... 1&#60;br /&#62;
PART 1. DESCRIPTION OF THE CORPUS................................. 3&#60;br /&#62;
1. General introduction.................................................................. 3&#60;br /&#62;
1.1. Historical background ........................................................... 3&#60;br /&#62;
1.2. Corpus or database?............................................................... 5&#60;br /&#62;
1.3. LINDSEI design criteria........................................................ 6&#60;br /&#62;
1.3.1. Interview variables ......................................................... 7&#60;br /&#62;
1.3.1.1. Genre ....................................................................... 8&#60;br /&#62;
1.3.1.2. Duration................................................................... 8&#60;br /&#62;
1.3.1.3. Three tasks............................................................... 8&#60;br /&#62;
1.3.1.4. Institution ................................................................ 9&#60;br /&#62;
1.3.2. Learner variables ............................................................ 9&#60;br /&#62;
1.3.2.1. Learning context...................................................... 9&#60;br /&#62;
1.3.2.2. Proficiency............................................................. 10&#60;br /&#62;
1.3.2.3. Age ........................................................................ 11&#60;br /&#62;
1.3.2.4. Gender ................................................................... 11&#60;br /&#62;
1.3.2.5. Mother tongue ....................................................... 11&#60;br /&#62;
1.3.2.6. Country.................................................................. 12&#60;br /&#62;
1.3.2.7. Knowledge of other foreign languages ................. 12&#60;br /&#62;
1.3.2.8. Stay in an English-speaking country ..................... 12&#60;br /&#62;
1.3.3. Interviewer variables .................................................... 12&#60;br /&#62;
1.3.3.1. Gender ................................................................... 12&#60;br /&#62;
1.3.3.2. Mother tongue ....................................................... 12&#60;br /&#62;
1.3.3.3. Knowledge of foreign languages........................... 12&#60;br /&#62;
1.3.3.4. Status ..................................................................... 13&#60;br /&#62;
1.4. Transcription and markup ................................................... 13&#60;br /&#62;
2. Project teams............................................................................. 19&#60;br /&#62;
2.1. Coordinating team............................................................... 19&#60;br /&#62;
2.2. IT team ................................................................................ 19&#60;br /&#62;
2.3. National teams..................................................................... 19&#60;br /&#62;
3. Structure of the corpus ............................................................ 23&#60;br /&#62;
3.1. General breakdown.............................................................. 23&#60;br /&#62;
3.1.1. Length of the interviews............................................... 23&#60;br /&#62;
3.1.2. Three tasks.................................................................... 28&#60;br /&#62;
3.1.3. Duration of the interviews............................................ 30&#60;br /&#62;
3.1.4. Set topic........................................................................ 30&#60;br /&#62;
3.1.5. Learners' age ................................................................ 32&#60;br /&#62;
3.1.6. Learners' gender........................................................... 32&#60;br /&#62;
3.1.7. Learners' education ...................................................... 33&#60;br /&#62;
3.1.8. Stay in an English-speaking country ............................ 35&#60;br /&#62;
3.1.9. Interviewers' gender..................................................... 35&#60;br /&#62;
3.1.10. Interviewers&#8217; mother tongue ...................................... 36&#60;br /&#62;
3.2. Breakdown per national subcorpus ..................................... 37&#60;br /&#62;
3.2.1. Subcorpus information ................................................. 37&#60;br /&#62;
3.2.1.1. Bulgarian subcorpus .............................................. 37&#60;br /&#62;
3.2.1.2. Chinese subcorpus................................................. 38&#60;br /&#62;
3.2.1.3. Dutch subcorpus .................................................... 39&#60;br /&#62;
3.2.1.4. French subcorpus................................................... 40&#60;br /&#62;
3.2.1.5. German subcorpus................................................. 41&#60;br /&#62;
3.2.1.6. Greek subcorpus .................................................... 41&#60;br /&#62;
3.2.1.7. Italian subcorpus.................................................... 42&#60;br /&#62;
3.2.1.8. Japanese subcorpus................................................ 43&#60;br /&#62;
3.2.1.9. Polish subcorpus.................................................... 44&#60;br /&#62;
3.2.1.10. Spanish subcorpus ............................................... 45&#60;br /&#62;
3.2.1.11. Swedish subcorpus .............................................. 46&#60;br /&#62;
3.2.2. Learning context........................................................... 47&#60;br /&#62;
3.2.2.1. Bulgaria (LINDSEI-BG) ....................................... 47&#60;br /&#62;
3.2.2.2. China (LINDSEI-CH) ........................................... 48&#60;br /&#62;
3.2.2.3. Dutch-speaking Belgium (LINDSEI-DU)............. 48&#60;br /&#62;
3.2.2.4. French-speaking Belgium (LINDSEI-FR) ............ 49&#60;br /&#62;
3.2.2.5. Germany (LINDSEI-GE) ...................................... 50&#60;br /&#62;
3.2.2.6. Greece (LINDSEI-GR).......................................... 51&#60;br /&#62;
3.2.2.7. Italy (LINDSEI-IT) ............................................... 52&#60;br /&#62;
3.2.2.8. Japan (LINDSEI-JP).............................................. 53&#60;br /&#62;
3.2.2.9. Poland (LINDSEI-PL)........................................... 54&#60;br /&#62;
3.2.2.10. Spain (LINDSEI-SP)........................................... 55&#60;br /&#62;
3.2.2.11. Sweden (LINDSEI-SW)...................................... 55&#60;br /&#62;
4. Methodology ............................................................................. 57&#60;br /&#62;
4.1. Learner corpora and SLA.................................................... 57&#60;br /&#62;
4.2. Intra-corpus comparisons .................................................... 58&#60;br /&#62;
4.3. LINDSEI vs ICLE............................................................... 62&#60;br /&#62;
4.4. LINDSEI vs LOCNEC........................................................ 65&#60;br /&#62;
4.5. Four-way comparisons ........................................................ 67&#60;br /&#62;
PART 2. LINDSEI USER MANUAL............................................. 71&#60;br /&#62;
1. Introduction .............................................................................. 71&#60;br /&#62;
2. Licence Agreement ................................................................... 72&#60;br /&#62;
3. Software installation ................................................................ 76&#60;br /&#62;
3.1. Individual licence ................................................................ 76&#60;br /&#62;
3.1.1. Installation procedure ................................................... 76&#60;br /&#62;
3.1.2. Launching the software ................................................ 77&#60;br /&#62;
3.1.3. Uninstalling the software.............................................. 77&#60;br /&#62;
3.1.4. Location of the data...................................................... 77&#60;br /&#62;
3.2. Multiple-user licence........................................................... 78&#60;br /&#62;
3.2.1. Installation procedure ................................................... 78&#60;br /&#62;
3.2.2. Launching the software ................................................ 79&#60;br /&#62;
3.2.3. Uninstalling the software.............................................. 79&#60;br /&#62;
3.2.4. Location of the data...................................................... 79&#60;br /&#62;
4. The REQUEST window........................................................... 80&#60;br /&#62;
4.1. Composition of the Request window .................................. 80&#60;br /&#62;
4.1.1. Alphanumerical fields .................................................. 82&#60;br /&#62;
4.1.2. Numerical fields ........................................................... 83&#60;br /&#62;
4.1.3. Variables with multiple options ................................... 83&#60;br /&#62;
4.2. Selecting the corpus............................................................. 84&#60;br /&#62;
4.3. The Zoom function.............................................................. 84&#60;br /&#62;
4.4. Resetting the selection......................................................... 86&#60;br /&#62;
4.5. Submitting the query ........................................................... 86&#60;br /&#62;
4.6. Functions available on the main command bar of the&#60;br /&#62;
Request window ......................................................................... 86&#60;br /&#62;
5. The RESULT window.............................................................. 87&#60;br /&#62;
5.1. Deselecting profiles............................................................. 87&#60;br /&#62;
5.2. Key terms: selected corpus and sub-corpus........................ 88&#60;br /&#62;
5.3. Viewing the profiles ............................................................ 88&#60;br /&#62;
5.4. Generating a report.............................................................. 90&#60;br /&#62;
5.5. Computing statistics ............................................................ 91&#60;br /&#62;
5.6. Viewing a text and merging texts into a corpus .................. 95&#60;br /&#62;
5.7. Functions available on the main command bar of the&#60;br /&#62;
Result window............................................................................ 97&#60;br /&#62;
6. Report problems....................................................................... 98&#60;br /&#62;
LINDSEI bibliography....................................................................... 99&#60;br /&#62;
Appendix 1: Cartoon used in the picture description task................ 109&#60;br /&#62;
Appendix 2: Learner profile questionnaire ...................................... 110&#60;/p&#62;</Text>
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