The European Green Deal and the impact of climate change on the EU regulatory framework

Contents

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Introduction
Alicja Sikora & Inga Kawka 

Part I. EU Green Deal – Tools, Methods and Challenges of Coherence

Instruments of the EU Climate Policy
Filip Křepelka

I. Introduction 

II. Terminology Concerning Instruments 
A. The Importance of Language(s) 
B. A Misleading Role without Impact (European Climate Pact) 
C. The Unexplored Potential of Languages (European Green Deal) 
D. Emerging Statist Terminology (European Climate Law and several acts) 

III. The Choice of Legal Instruments 
A. Resorting to Instruments in EU Lawmaking 
B. Euro-multi-crises and Responses to Them 
C. Existing EU Climate Laws 
D. Intensification of Climate Policies ('Fit for 55%') 
E. The Choices Among Legal Instruments and their Substantiation 

IV. The Position and Role of these Instruments 
A. Constitutionalisation and ‘Mimesis’ 
B. Regulatory ‘Delicacy’ 
C. Possible escalation 

V. Conclusions 

Sustainability, the principle of environmental integration in EU law, and the legal form of planning acts
Karolina Karpus 

I. Introduction
II. Sustainable Development and the Integrated Approach 
III. The Law as a Plan and the Plan as an Act of Hard/Soft Law 
IV. The Legal Form of EU Planning Acts and the EGD 
V. Conclusions 

E-government and Environmental Protection. Towards Greater Sustainability
Inga Kawka 

I. Introduction 

II. The Principle of Sustainable Development in EU Law 
A. The Meaning of the Concept 

III. The Operationalisation of the Principle of Sustainable Development on the Example of the Digital Transformation of the EU 
A. Introduction 
B. Digital Transformation and Sustainability 

IV. E-Government in the EU And Ecological Sustainability 
A. Introduction 
B. Digitalisation of the Administration as a Tool to Enhance
Ecological Sustainability 

V. Conclusions 

Climate Change, Access to Information and the Mechanism of a Confirmatory Review: Mounting Discrepancies
Tiina Paloniitty 

I. Introduction: The Triangle of Climate Change, Institutional Transparency, and the EU 

II. The Aarhus Regulation and the Confirmatory Review Process 

III. The Confirmatory Review Decisions in Numbers 

IV. The Limited Room of Manoeuvre of the Aarhus Regulation 
A. ‘Emission into the Environment’ – the Test that Climate Change Impacts can Never Overcome? 
B. Confidentiality vs Transparency discourse: the Unavoidable
Hurdle 89

V. The Challenge of the Global Scale and the Purposive Approach Nowhere to Be Seen 
A. The Unresolved Challenge of the Scale of Climate Change 
B. The Underdeveloped Potential of Purposive Approach 

VI. Conclusions 
Annex 

Sustainability and the Recommendations of the Holy See to EU Member States
Christine Mengès-Le-Pape 

I. Introduction 

II. Against The Environmental Crises Of Europe, Memories and Dreams
A. Introduction 
B. Pontifical Discourses on Environmental Crises 
C. An Ecological Conversion: Between Memories and Dreams 

III. Three Principles to Serve ‘the European Green Deal’ 
A. Introduction 
B. Solidarity and Justice 
C. The Principle of Participation 

Part II. (Re)shaping the EU Regulatory Framework: Towards an Ecological Dimension of EU Law

Towards EU Nature Restoration Law: a Boost for Biodiversity and Climate?
Mariusz Baran

I. Introduction 

II. The Need to Restore Natural Resources in Europe 

III. Deficiencies of the Current State of EU Law on the Protection of Natural Ecosystems 
A. The Natura 2000 Nature Network – the Habitats Directive and the Birds Directive 
B. The Damage Directive and the Obligation to Prevent and Remedy Environmental Damage (Directive 2004/35/EC) 
C. Water Framework Directive (Directive 2000/60/EC) and Marine Strategy Framework Directive (Directive 2008/56/EC) 
IV. Legal Regime (Objectives and Legal Instruments) for Restoration of Natural Ecosystems According to the Draft Regulation
V. Conclusions 

Energy Solidarity Revisited
Ilona Przybojewska 

I. Introduction 

II. Energy Solidarity: a Conceptual Framework 
A. Energy Solidarity in EU Law 
B. Energy Solidarity in the Jurisprudence of the EU Courts 
C. Dynamic Orientation of the Concept of Energy Solidarity; Proposing the Definition 

III. Energy Matters 
A. Aspects of the European Green Deal Selected for Closer Inspection 
B. Increasing EU Climate Ambitions vs Energy Security and Energy Solidarity 
C. Supplying Clean, Affordable and Secure Energy vs Energy Security and Energy Solidarity 

IV. Conclusions 

The EU ETS and the European Green Deal – the Struggle for Compromise
Małgorzata Bryk-Zwolska 

I. Introduction 

II. The EU ETS Evolution 

III. EU ETS and EGD 

IV. Conclusion 

The EU Green Deal and the Farm to Fork Strategy: a Fundamental Rights Approach to Harmonise the Internal Market
Marco Inglese 

I. Introduction: an Overview of the Principle of Consistency 

II. The Green Deal as the Cornerstone of the Commission’s Legislative Proposals 

III. Upholding of the EU Green Deal: the Farm to Fork Strategy and the Sustainability of Food Systems 

IV. Fundamental Rights and Harmonisation: Ensuring Consistency in EU Secondary Law 

V. Concluding Remarks 

Towards Green Public Procurement
Aleksandra Sołtysińska 

I. Introduction 

II. The Concept of Green Public Procurement 

III. The Role of the Court of Justice in Developing the Importance of Green Public Procurement 

IV. Green Procurement Regulations in the EU 
A. Introduction 
B. Article 18(2) of the Public Sector Directive 
C. Environmental Aspects in the Public Procurement Process 
V. Conclusions 

In the Quest for Sustainability – How can National Competition Authorities Contribute?
Kamil Dobosz 

I. Introductory Remarks 

II. Origins of Sustainability in European Antitrust 

III. Does EU Competition Law Preclude Sustainability Goals? 

VI. (Un)Hidden Solution 

V. Dispute on Article 3(3) Regulation 1/2003

VI. Revised Horizontal Block Exemption Regulations and Guidelines 

VII. EU and Pure Dimension Cases 

VIII. Conclusions 

How Can Sustainable Finance Regulation Contribute to the Funding of the EU’s Environmental and Climate Transition?
Marcin Krzemień 

I. Introduction – The European Green Deal as the EU’s Environmental and Climate Strategy 

II. The Commission’s Strategy for Financing the Transition to a Sustainable Economy – Creating the EU’s Sustainable Finance Framework 

III. Review of the European Sustainable Finance Legislation 
A. Introduction 
B. The Taxonomy Regulation 
C. Reporting Obligations 
D. Prudential Obligations for the Financial Sector 
E. Sustainable Financial Products 
F. ESG-Related Fiduciary Duties 
G. The European Sustainable Finance Legislation – a Summary and Prospects for the Future 
IV. How Can the Sustainable Finance Regulation Contribute to the Funding of the EU’s Environmental and Climate Transition? 

V. Challenges for the EU sustainable finance framework 
A. A test for the taxonomical approach 
B. The wider issue of transparency 
C. Greenwashing – A Looming Risk Made More Prominent 

VI. Conclusions 

Part. III. The Global Dimension of the EU Green Deal

(In)coherence of the EU External Policy impact on business and human rights developments in the post-Soviet region
Olena Uvarova 

I. Introduction: SDG and BHR Agendas in EU External Policy 

II. Cooperation with the EU as a Factor of BHR Developments in the Post-Soviet Region 
A. The Lack of UNGPs Implementation by Post-Soviet Countries 
B. BHR as a Gap in the EU External Policy 

III. Conclusions 

The Transition of Waste Management According to the EU and Ukrainian Legislation
Yuliia Leheza 

I. Introduction 

II. The Low Efficiency of the Policy of the European Green Deal in the Sphere of Waste Management in Ukraine 

III. The Content of the ‘Waste’ Concept in Accordance with the Legislation of Ukraine and the EU 

IV. Waste Management as the Content of the Transformation of Environmental Policy in Ukraine 

V. Conclusions 

Is the EU Realising an Externally Just Green Transition?
Jakub Bednarek 

I. Introduction 
A. The Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism 
B. Common but Differentiated Responsibilities 
C. Adjusting the CBAM 
II. Conclusions 

The EU Green Deal and the Principle of Proportionality as the Main Principle of Environmental Safety
Yuliia Volkova 

І. Introduction 
IІ. The Concepts and Principles of the EU Environmental Policy 
A. The principle of Integration 
B. The principle of Citizen Involvement 
C. The Principle of integration of environmental policy 

IIІ. The principle of Proportionality and the Principle of the Rule of Law: the Ratio of Categories 

IV. Ecological Proportionality 

V. Conclusion 

Abstracts 

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